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冷軋型鋼構造建築物結構設計規範及解說

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參考文獻

1
  1. 內政部營建署，“最新建築技術規則”，詹氏書局，1998。
  2. 營建雜誌社，“鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範”。
  3. American Iron and Steel Institute, Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual 1996 Edition.
  4. Yu, W. W., V. A. Liu, and W. M. Mckinney, “Structural Behavior and Design of Thick, Cold–Formed Steel Members,” Proceeding of the Second Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structure, University of Missouri–Rolla, Rolla, MO, October 1973.
  5. Yu, W. W., V. A. Liu, and W. M. Mckinney, “Structural Behavior of thick Cold–Formed steel Menders,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1. 100, No. ST1, January 1974.
  6. Pekoz, T. B, “Development of a Unified Approach to the Design of Cold–Formed Steel Members,” Report SG-86-4, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1986.
  7. Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1991.
  8. Ravindra, M.. K. and T. V. Galambos, “Load and Resistance Factor Design for steel,” Journal of the Structural Division ASCE, Vo1. 104, No. ST9, September 1978.
  9. Hsiao, L. E., W. W Yu and T. V. Galambos, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold–Formed Steel：Calibration of the AISI Design Provisions,” Ninth Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 88-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, February 1998.
  10. Hsiao, L. E., W. W. Yu and T. V. Galambos; “AISI LRFD Method for Cold–Formed Steel Structural Members,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vo1. 116, No. 2, February 1990.
  11. Ellingwood, B., T. V. Galambos, J. G. MacGregor, and C. A. Cornell, “Development of a Probability Based Load Criterion for American National Standard A58:Building Code Requirements for Minimum Design Loads in Buildings and Other Structures,” U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, NBS Special Publication, June 1980.
  12. Galambos, T. V., B. Ellingwood, J. G. MacGregor, and C. A. Cornell, “Probability Based Load Criteria: Assessment of Current Design Practices,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1. 108, No. ST5, May 1982.
  13. Rang, T. N., T. V. Galambos, and W. W. Yu, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold–Formed Steel: Study of Design Formats and Safety Index Combined with Calibration of the AISI Formulas for Cold Work and Effective Design Width,” First Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 79-1, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, January 1979.
  14. Rang, T. N., T. V. Galambos, and W. W. Yu, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold–Formed Steel: Statistical Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Thickness of Material Combined with Calibration of the AISI Design Provisions on Unstiffened Compression Elements and Connections,” Second Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 79-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, January 1979.
  15. Rang, T. N., T. V. Galambos, and W. W. Yu, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold–Formed Steel: Calibration of the Design Provisions on Connections and Axially Loaded Compression Members,” Third Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 79-3, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, January 1979.
  16. Rang, T. N., T. V. Galambos, and W. W. Yu, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold–Formed Steel: Calibration of the Design Provisions on Laterally Unbraced Beams and Beam-Columns,” Fourth Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 79-4, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, January 1979.
  17. Supomsilaphachai, B., T. V. Galambos, and W. W. Yu, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold–Formed Steel: Calibration of the Design Provisions on Beam Webs,” Fifth Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 79-5, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, September 1979.
  18. Ellingwood, B., J. G. MacGregor, T. V. Galambos, and C. A. Cornell, “Probability Based Load Criteria: Load Factors and Load Combinations,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1. 108, No. ST5, May 1982.
2
  1. American Society of Civil Engineers, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, ASCE Standard 7-95, 1995.
  2. Ellingwood, B., T. V. Galambos, J. G. MacGregor, and C. A. Cornell, “Development of a Probability Based Load Criterion for American National Standard A58:Building Code Requirements for Minimum Design Loads in Buildings and Other Structures,” U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, NBS Special Publication, June 1980.
  3. Ellingwood, B., J. G. MacGregor, T. V. Galambos, and C. A. Cornell, “Probability Based Load Criteria: Load Factors and Load Combinations,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1. 108, No. ST5, May 1982.
  4. Hsiao, L. E., W. W. Yu and T. V. Galambos, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold-Formed Steel: Comparative Study of Design Methods for Cold-Formed Steel,” Eleventh Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 88-4, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, February 1988.
3
  1. American Iron and Steel Institute, Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, 1996 Edition.
  2. 營建雜誌社，“鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範”。
  3. Karren, K. W. and G. Winter, “Effects of Cold-Work on Light Gage Steel Members,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1. 93, No. ST1, February 1967.
  4. Chajes, A., S. J. Britvec, and G. Winter, “Effects of Cold-Straining on Structural Steels,” Journal of Structure Division, ASCE, Vol. 89, No. ST2, February 1963.
  5. American Society for Testing and Materials, “Standard Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products,” ASTM 370, 1994.
4
  1. Winter, G., “Performance of Thin Steel Compression Flanges,” Preliminary Publication, 3rd Congress of the International Association of Bridge and Structural Engineering, Liege, Belgium.
  2. Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
  3. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected Primarily to Shear Stress,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1978.
  4. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected to a Combination of Bending and Shear,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-3, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1978.
  5. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Bending Strength of Webs of Cold-Formed Steel Beams,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 108, No. ST7, July 1982.
  6. Hetrakul, N. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected to Web Crippling and a Combination of Web Crippling and Bending,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-4, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1978.
  7. Hetrakul, N. and W. W. Yu, “Cold-Formed Steel I-Beams Subjected to Combined Bending and Web Crippling,” Thin-Walled Structures – Recent Technical Advances and Trends in Design, Research and Construction, Rhodes, J. and A. C. Walker (Eds), Granada Publishing Limited, London, 1980.
  8. Nguyen, P. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Transversely Reinforced Beams Webs,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-5, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, July 1978.
  9. Nguyen, P. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Longitudinally Reinforced Beams Webs,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-6, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, July 1978.
  10. Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1991.
  11. Bleich, F., Buckling strength of Metal Structures, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1952.
  12. Weng, C. C. and T. B. Pekoz, “Subultimate Behavior of Uniformly Compressed Stiffened Plate Elements,” Research Report, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1986.
  13. Ortiz-Colberg, R. and T. B. Pekoz, “Load Carrying Capacity of Perforated Cold-Formed Steel Columns,” Research Report No. 81-12, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1981.
  14. Pekoz, T. B., “Development of a Unified Approach to the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Members,” Report SG-86-4, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1986.
  15. Cohen, J. M. and T. B. Pekoz, “Local Buckling Behavior of Plate Elements,” Research Report, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1987.
  16. Bulson, P. S., The Stability of Flat Plates, American Elsevier Publishing Company, New York, NY, 1969.
  17. Pekoz, T. B., “Development of a Unified Approach to the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Members,” Proceedings of the Eighth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, November 1986.
  18. Desmond, T. P., T. B. Pekoz, and G. Winter, “Edge Stiffeners for Thin-Walled Members,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 107, No. ST2, Feb. 1981.
  19. Nguyen, P. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Transversely Reinforced Beam Webs,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-5, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, July 1978.
  20. Hsiao, L. E., W. W. Yu, and T. V. Galambos, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold-Formed Steel: Calibration of the AISI Design Provisions,” Ninth Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 88-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, February 1988.
6
  1. American Iron and Steel Institute, LRFD Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Washington, D. C., 1991.
  2. Hsiao, L. E., W. W. Yu, and T. V. Galambos, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold-Formed Steel: Calibration of the AISI Design Provisions,” Ninth Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study 88-2 University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, February 1988.
  3. Reck, H. P., T. Pekoz, and G. Winter, “Inelastic Strength of Cold-Formed Steel Beams,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 101, No. ST11, November 1975.
  4. Yener, M. and T. B. Pekoz, “Partial Stress Redistribution in Cold-Formed Steel,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 111, No. 6, June 1985.
  5. Yener, M. and T. B. Pekoz, “Partial Moment Redistribution in Cold-Formed Steel,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 111, No. 6, June 1985.
  6. American Iron and Steel Institute, Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Washington, D. C., 1996.
  7. Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, 2nd edition, Wiley-Interscience, NY, 1991.
  8. Winter, G., Discussion of “Strength of Beams as Determined by Lateral Buckling,” by Karl de Vries, Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 112, 1947.
  9. Winter, G., “Lateral Stability of Unsymmetrical I-beams and Trusses,” Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 198, 1943.
  10. Kirby, P. A. and D. A. Nethercot, Design for Structural Stability, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NY, 1979.
  11. Pekoz, T. B. and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Sections Under Eccentric Load,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, No. ST5, May 1969.
  12. Pekoz, T. B. and N. Celebi, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Sections Under Eccentric Load,” Engineering Research Bulletin 69-1, Cornell University, 1969.
  13. Galambos, T. V., “Inelastic Buckling of Beams,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 89, No. ST5, October 1963.
  14. Pekoz, T. B. and P. Soroushian, “Behavior of C- and Z- Purlins Under Uplift,” Report, No. 81-2, Cornell University, 1981.
  15. Pekoz, T. B. and P. Soroushian, “Behavior of C- and Z- Purlins Under Wind Uplift,” Proceedings of the Sixth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, November 1982.
  16. LaBoube, R. A., “Roof Panel to Purlin Connection: Rotational Restraint Factor,” Proceedings of the IABSE Colloquium on Thin-Walled Metal Structures in Buildings, Stockholm, Sweden, 1986.
  17. LaBoube, R. A., M. Golovin, D. J. Montague, D. C. Perry, and L. L. Wilson,  “Behavior of Continuous Span Purlin System,” Proceedings of the Ninth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, November 1988.
  18. Haussler, R. W. and R. F. Pahers, “Connection Strength in Thin Metal Roof Structures,” Proceedings of the Second International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, October 1973.
  19. Haussler, R. W., “Theory of Cold-Formed Steel Purlin/Girt Flexure,” Proceedings of the Ninth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, November 1988.
  20. Bleich, F., Buckling Strength of Metal Structures, Mcgraw-Hill, NY, 1952.
  21. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected Primarily to Shear Stress,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1978.
  22. Winter, G. and R. H. J. Pian, “Crushing Strength of Thin Steel Webs,” Cornell Bulletin 35, pt. 1, April 1946.
  23. Zetlin, L., “Elastic Instability of Flat Plates Subjected to Partial Edge Loads,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 81, September 1955.
  24. Hetrakul, N. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected to Web Crippling and a Combination of Web Crippling and Bending,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-4, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1978.
  25. Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, NY, 1970.
  26. Bhaka, B. H., R. A. LaBoube, and W. W. Yu, “The Effect of Flange Restraint on Web Crippling Strength,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 92-1, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, March 1992.
  27. Cain, D. E., R. A. LaBoube, and W. W. Yu, “The Effect of Flange Restraint on Web Crippling Strength of Cold-Formed Steel Z- and I-Sections,” Final Report,  Civil Engineering Study 95-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, May 1995.
  28. Laboube, R. A., J. N. Nunney, and R. E. Hodge, “Web Crippling Behavior of Nested Z-Purlins,” Engineering Structures, Hancock, G. J., Editor, Vol. 16, No. 5, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., London, July, 1994.
7
  1. American Iron and Steel Institute, Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Washington, D. C., 1996.
  2. Pekoz, T. B., “Development of a Unified Approach to the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Members,” Report SG-86-4, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1986.
  3. American Institute of Steel Construction, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, IL., December 1993.
  4. Galambos, T. V. (Editor), Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures, Fourth Edition, John Wilen and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1988.
  5. Harper, M. M., R. A. LaBoube and W. W. Yu, “Behavior of Cold-Formed Steel Roof Trusses,” Summary Report, Civil Engineering study 95-3, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, May 1995.
  6. Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
  7. American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Building-Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design, Chicago, IL, 1989.
  8. Chajes, A. and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Members,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 91, No. ST4, August 1965.
  9. Chajes, A., P. J. Fang, and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling, Elastic and Inelastic and Inelastic of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Columns,” Engineering Research Bulletin, No. 66-1, Cornell University, 1966.
  10. Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, N. Y. 1991.
  11. Pekoz, T. B. and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Section Under Eccentric Load,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, No. ST5, May 1969.
8
  1. Pekoz, T. B., “Combined Axial Load and Bending in Cold-Formed Steel Members,” Thin-Walled Metal Structures in Buildings, IABSE Colloquium, Stockholm, Sweden, 1986.
  2. Pekoz, T. B. and O. Sumer, “Design Provisions for Cold-Formed Steel Columns and Beam-Column,” Final Report, submitted to American Iron and Steel Institute, Cornell University, September 1992
  3. American Institute of Steel Construction, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, IL, December 1993.
  4. 營建雜誌社，”鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範”。
9
  1. Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
  2. Sherman, D. R., “Bending Equations for Circular Tubes,” Annual Technical Session Proceedings, Structural Stability Research Council, 1985.
10
  1. Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold–Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
  2. Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 2nd Edition, wiley-Intersciance, New York, NY, 1991.
  3. Winter, G., “Lateral Bracing of Columns and Beams,” Transactions, ASCE, Vo1. 125, 1960.
  4. Haussler, R. W., “Strength of Elastically Stabilized Beams,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1.90, No. ST3, June 1964; also ASCE Transaction, Vo1. 130, 1965.
  5. Haussler, R. W. and R. F. Pahers,”Connection Strength in Thin Metal Roof Structures,” Proceeding of the Second Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, October 1973.
  6. Lutz, L. A. and J. M. Fisher, “A Unified Approach for Stability Bracing Requirements,” Engineering Journal, AISC, 4th Quarter, Vo1. 22, No. 4,1985.
  7. Salmon, C. G., and J. E. Johnson, Steel Structures: Design and Behavior, Third Edition, Harper ＆ Row, New York, NY, 1990.
  8. Yura, J. A., “Fundamentals of Beam Bracing,” Is Your Structure Suitably Braced?  Structural Stability Research Council, April 1993.
  9. 10-9 Structural Stability Research Council, Is Your Structure Suitably Braced ? , Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, April 1993.
  10. Murray, T. M. and S. Elhouar, “Stability Requirements of Z-Purlin Supported Conventional Metal Building Roof Systems,” Annual Technical Session Proceedings, Structural Stability Research Council, 1985.
  11. Winter, G., W. Lansing, and R. B. McCalley, Jr., “Performance of Laterally Loaded Channel Beams,” Research, Engineering Structures Supplement.  (Colton Papers, Vo1. Ⅱ), 1949.
  12. Green, G. G., G. Winter and T. R. Cuykendall, “Light Gage Steel Columns in Wall-Braced Panels,” Bulletin, No. 35/2, Cornell University Engineering Experimental Station, 1947.
  13. Simaan, A., “Bucking of Diaphragm-Braced Columns of Unsymmetrical Sections and Applications to Wall Studs Design,” Report No. 353, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1973.
  14. Simaan, A.and T. Pekoz,”Diaphragm-Braced Members and Design of Wall Studs,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1 102, ST1, January 1976.
  15. Davis, C. S. and W. W. Yu, “The Structural Performance of Cold–Formed Steel Members with Perforated Elements,” Final Report, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, May 1972.
  16. Rack Manufacturers Institute, Specification for the Design, Testing, and Utilization of Industrial Steel Storage Racks, Charlotte, NC, 1990.
  17. Pekoz, T. B., “Design of Cold–Formed Steel Columns,” Proceedings of the Ninth International Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structural University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, November 1988.
  18. Miller, T. H. and T. Pekoz, “Studies on the Behavior of Cold–Formed Steel Wall Stud Assemblies,” Final Report, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1989.
  19. Miller, T. H. and T. Pekoz, “Unstiffened Strip Approach for Perforated Wall Studs,” Journal of the Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vo1.120, No. 2, February 1994.
11
  1. Brokenbrough, Rl L., Fastening of Cold-Formed Steel Framing, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, DC, September 1995.
  2. Pekoz, T. B. and W. McGuire, “Welding of Sheet Steel,” Report SG-79-2, American Iron and Steel Institute, January 1979.
  3. Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1991.
  4. American Welding Society, Structural Welding Code – Sheet Steel, ANSI/AWS D1.3-89, Miami, FL, 1989.
  5. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Tensile Strength of Welded Connections,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 91-3, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1991.
  6. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Behavior of Arc Spot Weld Connections in Tension,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 119, No. 7, July 1993.
  7. LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Tensile Strength of Welded Connections,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 91-3, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1991.
  8. American Welding Society, Structural Welding Code – Steel, ANSI/AWS D1.1-96, Miami, FL, 1996.
  9. American Welding Society, Recommended Practice for Resistance Welding, AWS C1.1-66, Miami, FL,1966.
  10. AWS, Recommended Practice for Resistance Welding Coated Low Carbon Steels, AWS C1.3-70, Miami, FL, 1970.
  11. 營建雜誌社，“鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範”。
  12. Research Council and Structural Connections, Allowable Stress Design Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts, 1985.
  13. Research Council and Structural Connections, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts, 1988
  14. Winter, G, “Light Gage Steel Connections with High-Strength, High-Torqued Bolts,” Publications, IABSE, Vol. 16, 1956.
  15. Winter, G., “Tests on Bolted Connections in Light Gage Steel,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 82, No. ST2, February 1956.
  16. Yu, W. W., “AISI Design Criteria for Bolted Connections,” Proceedings of the Sixth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, November 1982.
  17. Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1985.
  18. Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1991.
  19. Chong, K. P. and R. B. Matlock, “Light Gage Steel Bolted Connections without Washers,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 101, No. ST7, July 1974.
  20. Pekoz, T.B., “Design of Cold-Formed Steel Screw Connections,” Proceedings of the Tenth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, October 1990.
  21. European Convention for Construction Steelwork, “European Recommendations for the Design of Light Gage Steel Members,” First Edition, Brussels, Belgium, 1987.
  22. British Standards Institution, British Standard: Structural Use of Steelwork in Building, “Part 5 – Code of Practice for Design of Cold-Formed Sections,” BS 5950: Part 5: CF92-2, 1992.
  23. American Iron and Steel Institute, “Test Methods for Mechanically Fastened Cold-Formed Steel Connections,” Research Report CF92-2, Washington, D. C., 1992.
  24. Birkernoe, P. C. and M. I. Gilmor, “Behavior of Bearing – Critical Double-Angle Beam Connections,” Engineering Journal, AISC, Fourth Quarter, 1978.